Xylitol Poisoning in Dogs: Signs, Dangers & What to Do Immediately

Xylitol is a common sugar substitute found in many sugar-free products. While it’s harmless for people, it can be life-threatening for dogs—even in very small amounts.

What Is Xylitol?

Xylitol is a naturally occurring sugar alcohol that manufacturers use to sweeten gum, candy, baked goods, peanut butter, and even toothpaste. For humans, it’s a low-calorie sugar replacement. For dogs, it’s toxic.

Why It’s Dangerous

When a dog ingests xylitol, their body releases a surge of insulin. This leads to a dangerous drop in blood sugar (hypoglycemia), which can cause seizures, liver failure, and even death if untreated.

Signs of Xylitol Poisoning

• Vomiting

• Weakness, stumbling, or loss of coordination

• Tremors or seizures

• Rapid heart rate

• Yellowing of gums, eyes, or skin (a sign of liver damage)

How Quickly Do Symptoms Appear?

Hypoglycemia can occur within 10–60 minutes after ingestion. Liver damage may take longer to show, but waiting is dangerous—immediate veterinary care is always critical.

What to Do If Your Dog Eats Xylitol

1. Call your veterinarian immediately.

2. If your vet is unavailable, go to the nearest emergency animal hospital.

3. Do not induce vomiting unless specifically instructed by a veterinarian.

How to Prevent Accidental Ingestion

• Read ingredient labels on peanut butter, baked goods, and gum.

• Store all sugar-free products in closed cabinets.

• Remind guests not to share human snacks with your pets.

If you think your dog may have eaten something containing xylitol, time is critical. Call us right away for guidance, or book an appointment for a wellness check to review other household hazards and keep your pet safe.